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rolled out what they call “antibiotic stewardship programs.” These encourage doctors to prescribe the Official lSU Tigers Final Tour 2023 Greenville Regional Champions Shirt in contrast I will get this drugs only when there’s a clear need. In the U.S., for instance, the CDC offers training courses and guidelines to help curb antibiotic use and stave off resistance. Even in cases where antibiotics are truly necessary, they’re often prescribed for just days or weeks, making them far less lucrative than long-term, daily-use drugs for chronic conditions such as blood pressure or diabetes. “At the end of the day, the ‘supply and demand’ model is not tenable for antibiotics,” Fowler said. No easy answer If drugmakers don’t start developing new antibiotics soon, the world may be facing a “doomsday scenario,” WHO officials warned. More people could die from once-treatable infections, such as bacterial pneumonia, gonorrhea or salmonella. Those who need antibiotics most, like immunocompromised people and those undergoing cancer treatment, will be most vulnerable. “We have arrived in the post-antibiotic era,” Ramasubramanian warned in a statement March 15. “The current antibacterial pipeline is woefully insufficient to make a difference in tackling the ongoing threat of antibiotic resistance.” Fowler, who wasn’t involved in the WHO report, agreed with the organization’s use of bold “doomsday” language. “The WHO is 100% spot-on,” he said. “I was thrilled to see them make such a strong statement because I think it’s true.” Recommended HEALTH NEWS Some types of headaches are linked to the body’s internal clock, research finds HEALTH NEWS FDA approves the first over-the-counter version of Narcan While there’s no single fix
for catalyzing new antibiotic development, Gigante said, government funding and policy could help move the Official lSU Tigers Final Tour 2023 Greenville Regional Champions Shirt in contrast I will get this needle. For instance, some countries have devised new economic models for incentivizing antibiotic development. In the U.S., lawmakers are debating a legislation called the PASTEUR Act that would pay pharmaceutical companies contractually to make these critical new drugs available. “It would fundamentally be a Netflix-like subscription model,” Fowler said. Drug companies wouldn’t have to rely on the minimal revenue they’d get selling their antibiotics on the commercial market. The proposed model has been controversial and hasn’t become law, but it’s an example of the type of “new economic model” WHO officials like Gigante want policymakers to explore. U.S. taxpayer dollars do support some new antibiotics research already. For instance, Fowler leads a program called the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group, which funds new trials with grants from the National Institutes of Health. “It’s an enormous amount of money, but there’s a great deal more that’s needed,” he said. Better tests could help Beyond calling for new antibiotics, the WHO officials want to see better, faster, ways of diagnosing bacterial infections. Right now, for the first 48 hours or so after a patient comes in with an infection, “you don’t know what germ you’re treating,” Fowler said. The more quickly and accurately doctors zero in on the specific bug infecting their patients, the less likely they’ll be to prescribe antibiotics that won’t work, which could cause more resistance. The diagnostic process involves collecting a swab, sending it to a lab, growing the bacteria from that swab until there’s enough to test, then, while still in the lab, trying out a bunch of different antibiotics to see which will work. It can take days or weeks, and the sickest patients can’t wait that long. “It’s not through any lack of good clinical practice, but the state-of-the-art in treating infection in 2023 is an educated guess,” Fowler said. “It’s frightening when you think about it.” Follow NBC HEALTH on Twitter & Facebook.
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